Tuesday, November 6, 2007

Education Continued... More clear!

Intro
Medical physics is actually part of the larger field of biophysics, but it has become so important that those who work in it have formed their own society. Like so many new and growing fields, the boundaries of the field are far from sharp or decisive. The parent field, biophysics, itself is relatively new.
The original biophysicists were usually people involved with electronics, but today's biophysicist utilizes all the physical sciences, including a heavy dose of mathematics. This challenging profession, on the frontiers of modern science, applies the most modern and sophisticated techniques to the solution of problems in biology, which until recently was largely a descriptive science. The field of study and research is sometimes called molecular biology.
A great deal of overlapping and confusion exists about what is included in the fields of molecular biology, biophysics, medical physics, and even biochemistry. In which field a particular scientist belongs depends more on what he's doing than on his degree or the title of his job: For example, a man with a degree in biology can be in any of these fields, as can a physicist.
There are a number of specialized fields in medical physics and their names indicate pretty clearly what they involve. Hospital physicists and radiation physicists, health physicists and radiation safety physicists are found in hospitals and other installations where any form of ionizing radiation is used, and they are also needed to check on the safety of any facility that may be a source of radioactivity or a radiation hazard. Space travel, for example, presents a problem of the possible effects of high energy particles on the astronauts and so medical physicists have been involved in space medicine also.
The medical physicists is also needed to teach and to train radiobiologists and medical students and doctors. It's not surprising that with so many demands, many jobs are now going begging because there are just not enough people to fill them.
What Does the Medical Physicist Do?
Essentially the medical physicist is involved with patients and so is a key member of the health care team. All of his work, in the last analysis, revolves around diseases and disorders regardless of whether he is studying them, or the basic physical mechanisms of the life processes, or working on the measurement of various vital functions. For even his study of these normal body mechanisms is done with the ultimate aim of understanding and treating diseases or the disturbances producing various disorders.
Medical physicists are especially active in the field of ionizing radiation. This ionization is capable of destroying living cells and so it has been used to attack and destroy cancer cells.
But the medical physicist is engaged in several other areas in addition to radiation. He can be found working on bioelectrical investigations of the heart and brain. Your heart is about the size of your clenched fist. The muscles start their contraction at the top. As this contraction sweeps down from the top to the bottom of your heart there is a changing electrical potential. This is picked up by the electrocardiograph and used to diagnose the condition of your heart. In the brain, electrical changes also take place and these too can be picked up, by a machine called an electroencephalograph. These machines are used for diagnosis and for further research into what goes on in the heart and the brain in both normal and diseased states.
The medical physicist is also involved in the medical uses of ultrasound and of infrared (thermography). Ultrasound is sound pitched so high that the human ear cannot hear sounds well beyond our ability. Bats in fact emit these sounds and then pick up the echoes from the walls of caves and they are thus able to roam pitch black corridors of underground caverns at top speed; while dogs can hear whistles that we cannot. Ultrasound is used to diagnose brain tumors and blood clots, check blood flow in veins and the heart, even observe the development of the fetus in the mother's womb. A process called ultrasonography has been used to differentiate benign from malignant tumors and to find foreign bodies imbedded in the eye, even to spot gallstones.
In thermography, on the other hand, the medical physicist takes advantage of the fact heat waves are given off by the body's tissues in certain disease processes. By devising scanning instruments that can measure the variations in the surface temperature of the skin, these scientists have made it possible to detect breast cancers so small that they were not found by other techniques, and even to give warning of a stroke to come. In fact this giving off of heat by the human skin is being used by the military for reconnaissance.
Requirements and Costs of Training
Although this is a very young field, there are already a number of university programs being offered. You may become a medical physicist with only a bachelor's degree and one or two years of additional specialized training.
To get into college, you'll need whatever level of high school grades the college of your choice wants, and this may vary considerably. In any case, the better your grades are, the easier your real entry into this field, starting a master's or doctoral program, nobody will pay much attention to your high school grades. They will, however, pay close attention to what you did in college. You should by able to show better than a B average.
Salaries, Satisfaction and Opportunities
Salaries start in the low five figures in academic life, somewhat higher in industry. The very newness of the field makes it exciting.
The opportunities in this field are vast, for the work on the scientific side of medicine has really only just begun. There is no foreseeable limit to what has to be done, both in the study of diseases and their treatment, and in the further understanding for medical physicists far exceeds the supply, nor is there any likelihood of sufficient numbers entering this field in the foreseeable future.

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